Geography Optional · Paper II · Geography of India
Resources Notes · PYQs · Solved Answers
Free notes, every previous year question and the solved answers for Resources (Paper II, Geography of India), arranged so you can read a topic and immediately see how UPSC has asked it. Syllabus: Land, surface and ground water, energy, minerals, biotic and marine resources, conservation.
30
Solved PYQs
2013–2026
Years covered
60
Questions listed
23
Free notes
On this page
Free notes Previous year questions Solved answers All Geography Optional units
Paper II · Unit 02
Resources notes
Topic-wise notes for this unit in syllabus order. Read a topic, then open its previous year questions below.
Free notes
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Bauxite Distribution in India – UPSC
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Biomass Energy (Bio-energy) – UPSC
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Coal Reserves in India (Coal Mines) – UPSC
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Copper, Nickel & Chromite Distribution in India – UPSC
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Diamond & Graphite Distribution in India – UPSC
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Forest Resources in India – UPSC
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Geothermal Energy in India – UPSC
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Gold & Silver Distribution in India – UPSC
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Hydroelectric Power in India – UPSC
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Interlinking of Rivers in India & NRLP – UPSC
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Land Resources of India – UPSC (Geography Optional)
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Lead, Zinc, Tungsten & Pyrites Distribution in India – UPSC
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Manganese Ore Distribution in India
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Mica, Limestone distribution in India (Non-Metallic) – UPSC
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Mineral Resources: Iron Ore distribution in India
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Natural Gas Reserves in India (with Map) – UPSC
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Ocean Energy in India – UPSC
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Petroleum Reserves in India – UPSC
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Solar Energy & Solar Power Parks in India – UPSC
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Uranium and Thorium Distribution in India – UPSC
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Water Resources in India – UPSC
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Wildlife Resources in India – UPSC
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Wind Energy in India & Wind Power Plants – UPSC
Free practice
Previous year questions: Resources
Every question UPSC has asked from this unit, year-wise, with a link to its solved answer.
Topic-wise question list
Year-wise question papers
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2019
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UPSC Mains 2026: Geography Optional Topic-wise Questions {Paper I and Paper II}
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2026
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2025
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2024
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2023
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2022
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2021
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UPSC Geography Optional Question Paper 2020
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Solved PYQ answers: Resources
Model answers written the way a 300+ scorer writes them, newest exam year first. Members open the full answer; everyone else sees the question and can join the pack.
PYQ Solutions
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Efficient use of energy resources can resolve the energy crisis in India. Comment.
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Deforestation in the upper reaches of a river augments the magnitude of soil erosion. Elaborate your answer citing the example of any North Indian river.
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Why are coral reefs in India most important with respect to its dynamic ecosystem? Explore.
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Examine the validity of the Blue Economy initiatives of India. Elaborate the impacts of this economy on the country’s development.
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Conservation and breeding centres are important component of the Action Plan for Vulture Conservation 2020-2025. Why?
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Water Scarcity is an important cause of disputes and conflicts in India. Suggest innovative methods for location-based solutions.
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Discuss the targets of focused interventions of the Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain, 2024 in rural and urban areas.
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Discuss the impact of the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 on forest conservation in India.
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Critically examine the role of petroleum energy resources on International Geopolitics with special reference to India.
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Why are critical minerals essential for the economic development and national security in India?
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Discuss the green energy initiatives of India as a signatory nation to the Paris Agreement.
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The peninsular location of India provides scope for harnessing non-conventional energy resources. Discuss with examples.
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India is bestowed with rich mineral resources due to its geological structure. Correlate the above statement with large mineral belts of India.
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Discuss the importance of solar energy in the future economic development of India.
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Discuss the reserves, distribution, and production of all varieties of coal in India.
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Discuss the salient features of Project Tiger in India.
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Examine the critical issues of groundwater resources in India.
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The pattern of growing ecological foot-prints is uneven in nature. Analyze with reference to land resources in India.
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Examine the major causes of groundwater depletion in India.
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Discuss the problems of wildlife conservation and management in India.
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Keeping the recent developments in view, how can the energy crisis of India be circumvented by harnessing non-conventional energy resources?
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Illustrate with suitable examples the endeavours undertaken in augmenting conservation of water and vegetation in India.
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Discuss the freshwater crisis in India and prepare a blueprint for its sustainable management.
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Why has solar energy in India not been developed to desired level in spite of its high potential?
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Identify the important biotic resource regions of India and highlight their problems.
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Give an account of the development of renewable resources of India.
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Account for the geographical distribution of groundwater resources of India. How serious is its depletion in recent decades?
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Outline the Government of India’s strategies of conservation of the Western Ghats.
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Highlight the socio-economic and ecological roles of River Cauvery in its riverine tract.
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Delineate the coalfields of India and mention their distinctive features.
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