Model answers for these questions. 45 UPSC questions from Challenges of Social Transformation (1985–2026) are solved in Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions, with a full model answer for each. Use the View answer links in the table, or open the whole unit topic-wise, newest year first.
| Year | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | Give a sociological explanation of violence against women in India. What suggestions would you give to mitigate these violences? (20 marks) | View answer |
| 2026 | Draw the current population pyramid of India. What policy measures would you recommend for population dynamics to achieve sustainability? (20 marks) | View answer |
| 2025 | Is it possible to have sustainable development in India? Cite major environmental issues and suggest a few measures to achieve the sustainability. (20 marks) | View answer |
| 2025 | Do you think that forced displacement of labourers has caused their deprivation and resultant inequalities during the recent past years? Elaborate. (20 marks) | View answer |
| 2025 | What are the Indian government's schemes launched for poverty alleviation after the United Nations' Declaration of Sustainable Development Goals – 2015? Briefly describe. (10 marks) | View answer |
| 2024 | To what extent have the legal provisions been effective in curbing violence against womenin India? Give your argument. | View answer |
| 2024 | Analyse the trilogy between environmental movement, development and tribal identity. | View answer |
| 2024 | What is sustainable development? How can sustainability be achieved in India wherelivelihood needs conflict with environmental protection? | View answer |
| 2023 | Explain the thematic linkages between 'Patriarchy' and 'Honour killing' in India. citingsome recent cases. | View answer |
| 2023 | Citing some case studies, expand the concept of 'Development-induced Displacement’. | View answer |
| 2022 | Discuss law as an important instrument for women's empowerment. | View answer |
| 2022 | Discuss the changing nature of structure of political elites. | View answer |
| 2021 | The problem of displacement is inherent in the idea of development. Analyse the statement critically. | View answer |
| 2021 | Discuss the role of social media in communal polarisation. Sugg est ways to combat it. | View answer |
| 2021 | Does “economic empowerment” automatically bring about “substantive empowerment” for women? Briefly describe the main issues in women empowerment in India. | View answer |
| 2019 | Has reduction of green cover affected ecological degradation leading to global warming? Elaborate your answer with illustration. | View answer |
| 2019 | What is POSH Act? "Identification of tormentor by women at workplace does not come easily even today." Examine the statement with substantive examples from India. | View answer |
| 2018 | Discuss development-induced displacement in the context of tribal uprising in India. Substantiate your answer with any one detailed illustration from India. | View answer |
| 2017 | Indebtedness is one of the serious issues leading to farmers'suicides. Discuss reasons and suggest solutions. | View answer |
| 2017 | What are the reasons for the escalation of violence against women in the public domain? | View answer |
| 2017 | Discuss some of the striking issues of development induced imbalances that need urgent attention. | View answer |
| 2017 | Explain the issues relating to ethnicity and subethnicity. | View answer |
| 2017 | What is Cultural Revivalism? Give some examples from performing arts, language dissemination and arts and crafts in recent times. | View answer |
| 2016 | Comment on the factors behind the changing status of women in urban India. | View answer |
| 2016 | Discuss the emerging forms of 'inequalities' and 'acute poverty' as major challenges of social transformation in India. | View answer |
| 2016 | What are the factors accounting for the resurgence of ethnic identity movements in India? | View answer |
| 2015 | Write short note with a sociological perspective: Feminization of poverty. | View answer |
| 2015 | Write short note with a sociological Perspective: Effect of displacement through development on the rural landless and marginal farmers. | View answer |
| 2015 | How serious is the problem of trafficking against women and children in India? | View answer |
| 2015 | To what extent the Muslim Personal Law Board is in agreement with Islamic feminist Agenda. | View answer |
| 2014 | Write short notes with a sociological perspective on the following in about 150 words: Domestic Violence Act, 2005. | View answer |
| 2014 | Write short notes with a sociological perspective on the following in about 150 words: Rural landless labourers and development induced displacement. | View answer |
| 2014 | What are the possible underlying causes of the spurt of increased violence against women in public spaces in the last decade? | View answer |
| 2014 | ‘Many caste conflicts are between castes which are close to each other on the hierarchical scale.’ Give a sociological explanation for this phenomenon. | View answer |
| 2014 | ‘Tribal conflicts based on ethnic differences often camouflage a struggle for political and economic advantage.’ Substantiate with examples. | View answer |
| 2013 | Explain the inter-linkages between poverty, deprivation and inequality. (200 words) | View answer |
| 2013 | Discuss the problems of working women in India. (200 words) | View answer |
| 2013 | Analyse the role of comunalism in undermining democracy in India. (200 words) | View answer |
| 2012 | Describe those social changes which have contributed to increase of violence against women. What are the emerging forms of violence against women ? Suggest suitable measures to contain this problem. | View answer |
| 2012 | Do you think that some policies and laws relating to environment have retarded the development process ? Give examples. How can an ideal balance between environmental protection and development goals be brought about? | View answer |
| 2011 | Write short note on the following in not more than 150 words. Your answer should have a sociological perspective : Structural factors behind violence against women. | View answer |
| 2010 | Write short note with a sociological perspective on Women in the I.T. sector. | View answer |
| 2010 | Highlight the important dimensions of inter – caste conflict in India. | View answer |
| 2009 | Do you think that poverty, deprivation and inequalities are the major challenges in the process of social transformation ? What are your suggestions to address and resolve these problems ? | View answer |
| 2008 | How do you define development ? What are your suggestions to resolve the issues of displacement and environment related to development ? | View answer |
Solved PYQs for every Sociology topic
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