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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss some of the striking issues of development induced imbalances that need urgent attention.

  • UPSC 2017
  • 20 marks
  • Challenges of Social Transformation

Indian development has not failed; it has been distributed, and distributed so that the distribution reproduces itself. Gunnar Myrdal's Economic Theory and Under-Developed Regions (1957) named the mechanism — circular and cumulative causation, in which capital and skill move to places that already possess them, so backwash effects outrun spread effects and gaps widen with…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Regional: rich land, poor people
  • Sectoral and rural–urban
  • Social group, gender and ecology: who pays
  • Why they persist
  • What urgent attention means
  • Conclusion

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