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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Write short note: Organic analogy.

  • UPSC 1994
  • Sociological Thinkers

The organic analogy compares society to a living organism: a whole of interdependent parts, each contributing to the survival of the whole. Nineteenth-century sociology borrowed it from biology to claim scientific status, and it became the root metaphor of functionalism.

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What the full answer covers

  • Origins: Comte and Spencer
  • Durkheim, Radcliffe-Brown and Parsons
  • Indian resonance
  • Critiques
  • Conclusion

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