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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Write short note: Dysfunctions of bureaucracy.

  • UPSC 1993
  • Politics and Society

Robert K. Merton defined dysfunctions as consequences that lessen the adaptation of a system (Social Theory and Social Structure, 1949). The dysfunctions of bureaucracy are outcomes of its own rational design, what George Ritzer called the "irrationality of rationality". The features Max Weber praised as technically superior (rules, hierarchy, impersonality, expertise and secrecy) also produce…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Dysfunctions at four levels
  • The mechanisms
  • Indian illustration
  • Limits of the dysfunction thesis
  • Conclusion

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