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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

What are the various forms of untouchability in India? Critically examine.

  • UPSC 2021
  • Caste System

Untouchability is exclusion attached to birth and justified by pollution. Article 17, the Protection of Civil Rights Act (1955) and the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act (1989) have abolished it in law; the sociological question is what survives, in what form, and whether the inherited category still describes it.

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What the full answer covers

  • The forms, in outline
  • Why the forms regenerate
  • The critical questions
  • Conclusion

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