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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

What are the structural conditions under which movements emerge? Discuss with reference to any one theory of genesis of social movements.

  • UPSC 1998
  • Politics and Society

Grievance is constant in every society; mobilisation is rare. Resource mobilisation theory, set out by John D. McCarthy and Mayer N. Zald in "Resource Mobilization and Social Movements: A Partial Theory" (American Journal of Sociology, 1977), begins there. Against strain and deprivation theories it holds that discontent is ubiquitous and therefore explains nothing; what varies…

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  • The theory's logic
  • The structural conditions specified
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  • Limits of the explanation
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