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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

The organic solidarity of caste has given way to competitive solidarity. Discuss this statement in the context of the processes of fission and fusion in the Caste System.

  • UPSC 1988
  • Caste System

The statement borrows Émile Durkheim's vocabulary from The Division of Labour in Society (1893) to describe a historical shift: from castes bound to one another by complementary function to castes organised as internally cohesive blocs competing for scarce modern resources. The borrowing must be handled with care, and the shift is best traced through the…

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What the full answer covers

  • 'Organic solidarity' used loosely
  • What replaced it
  • Fission and fusion
  • Conclusion

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