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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

‘The Indus civilization did not have an abrupt appearance.’ Discuss the statement. How does the Indus civilization stand, in view of its geographical expansion and chronology, in relations to the Vedic civilization?

  • UPSC 1990
  • Aryans and Vedic Period

To call the Harappan civilization a sudden urban miracle is to misread the archaeological record. City life at Mohenjodaro and Harappa after c. 2600 BCE was not a spontaneous creation but the culmination of nearly two millennia of village and proto-urban development in the greater Indus region, and its subsequent relationship with the Vedic civilization…

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What the full answer covers

  • The Long Formative Prelude
  • Geography and Chronology against the Vedic Civilization
  • Spatial Overlap, Not Identity
  • The Chronological Gap and its Narrowing

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