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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

‘Protective discrimination not only protects but also discriminates.’ Comment.

  • UPSC 2011
  • Politics and Society in India

The statement names a paradox written into Article 16(4) itself — a departure from equality created in order to produce equality. It must be judged not by intention but by how it distributes gains and costs. Both halves are true, but not equally weighty.

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What the full answer covers

  • What it protects
  • How it discriminates
  • Taking a position
  • Conclusion

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