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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Highlight the roles and functions of civil society in a democratic system.

  • UPSC 2021
  • Politics and Society

Civil society covers voluntary associations, movements, trade unions, professional bodies and the media: everything organised between family, market and state. Alexis de Tocqueville saw associations as the safeguard of American democracy. Larry Diamond ("Rethinking Civil Society", 1994) set out their democratic functions in detail. These can be grouped as follows.

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What the full answer covers

  • Functions, with Indian illustrations
  • Theoretical readings of these roles
  • Conclusion

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