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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Explain whether Durkheim’s theory of Division of Labour is relevant in the present-day context.

  • UPSC 2021
  • Sociological Thinkers

In The Division of Labour in Society (1893), Émile Durkheim argued that growing volume and moral density of population produce specialisation, which shifts societies from mechanical solidarity (likeness, strong collective conscience, repressive law) to organic solidarity (interdependence, individualism, restitutive law). He also warned of abnormal forms. Both halves of the theory speak to the present.

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  • Where the theory remains relevant
  • Limits
  • Conclusion

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