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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Explain Karl Marx’s theory of social stratification. On what grounds functionalists refute it?

  • UPSC 1993
  • Sociological Thinkers

For Karl Marx, stratification is not a ladder of unequal rewards but a relation of exploitation rooted in ownership of the means of production. Functionalists such as Kingsley Davis, Wilbert E. Moore and Talcott Parsons turned this upside down: inequality, they held, is universal, necessary and integrative.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Marx's theory of stratification
  • Functionalist grounds of refutation
  • Weighing the debate
  • Conclusion

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