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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Explain how Weber’s characterisation of capitalism is different from those of Marx.

  • UPSC 2012
  • Sociological Thinkers

Karl Marx (Capital, Vol. I, 1867) defined capitalism by a relation of production: capital buys labour-power and appropriates surplus value. Max Weber (The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, 1904–05; General Economic History, 1923) defined it by a form of rationality: the methodical pursuit of profit through rational capital accounting. One sees exploitation; the…

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