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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Distinguish between : Tribe and Caste.

  • UPSC 2012
  • Tribal Communities in India

Hindu tradition itself drew the line, between jana in the hills and forests and jati in villages and towns. Sociologically the two are rival modes of organising one agrarian field — segmentary kinship and direct access to land against ritual hierarchy and hereditary interdependence. The contrast is real, but of poles, not sealed types.

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  • Criteria-wise contrast
  • What the contrast reveals
  • Conclusion

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