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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss the executive measures and peoples’ participation in implementing various development programmes at the village level in India.

  • UPSC 1993
  • Politics and Society in India

Indian rural development has been delivered through an administrative machinery built for the purpose, while its stated method has always been popular participation. Village programmes are the history of that tension: the executive can build, disburse and report, but cannot manufacture the participation its own design assumes.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • The executive machinery
  • Why the machinery displaced participation
  • Building participation into implementation
  • The gap between design and practice
  • Conclusion

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