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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss the concept of circulation of elite.

  • UPSC 2019
  • Politics and Society

Circulation of elites is Vilfredo Pareto's term (The Mind and Society, 1916) for the constant movement of people into and out of ruling minorities, and for the replacement of one ruling minority by another. It is his theory of social change and his reply to Karl Marx's linear history.

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What the full answer covers

  • Elite and its circulation
  • The mechanism
  • Later extensions
  • Indian illustrations
  • Limits
  • Conclusion

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