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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Critically analyse Talcott Parsons’ conception of ‘Pattern Variables’.

  • UPSC 2017
  • Sociological Thinkers

In Toward a General Theory of Action (1951), Talcott Parsons and Edward Shils defined pattern variables as dichotomous choices every actor must make before a situation has meaning for action. They link the personality (need-dispositions), the cultural system (value standards) and the social system (role expectations).

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What the full answer covers

  • The five dilemmas
  • Strengths
  • Critique
  • Indian mixed patterns
  • Conclusion

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