Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer
Comment on the responses of the functionalist school to Karl Marx’s views on social change.
- UPSC 2009
- Sociological Thinkers
Karl Marx located change in contradiction: forces of production outgrow relations of production, class struggle intensifies, and revolution replaces one mode of production with another. The functionalist school, centred on Talcott Parsons and Robert K. Merton, answered by redefining change, defending inequality, absorbing conflict and claiming that history had refuted him.
You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.
What the full answer covers
- Change as adaptation, not rupture
- Inequality as functional, not exploitative
- Conflict absorbed into the system
- History as refutation
- Comment: how far do the responses succeed?
- Conclusion
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