Newspapers during the freedom struggle in India were an important source of mass communication throughout the country. Leaders like Devendra Nath Tagore, Mahatma Gandhi, etc., used the newspaper to spread awareness among the masses. The impact of these journals and newspapers was limited to towns and cities and reached remote villages.
Newspapers during British Rule in India propagated the idea of patriotism, equality, the modern idea of democracy, and most importantly, ideas of freedom.
News Papers, Journals before 1850
Year | Newspaper Name | Writer / Editor | Remakes |
---|---|---|---|
1780 | Bengal Gazette | J. K. Hikki | 1st newspaper in India & Asia |
1784 | Madras Courier | 1st newspaper from Madras | |
1787 | India Gazette | ||
1789 | Bombay Herald | 1st newspaper from Bombay | |
1818 | Digdarshana | J C Marhman | 1st Bengali monthly |
Samachar Darpan | William Carey J C Marhman | 1st Bengali newspaper Baptist Mission Press, Serampore, Bengal | |
1819 | Samvad Kaumudi | Editor – Bhabani Charan Bandyopadhyay Owner – Ram Mohan Roy | 1st Bengali weekly newspaper 1st issue 4 Dec 1821 |
1822 | Mirat-ul-Akbar | Raja Ram Mohan Roy | 1st Persian language journal |
Bangaduta | Rammohun Roy Dwarkanath Tagore | 1st paper in 4 language | |
Bombay Samachar | 1st paper in Gujrati | ||
1826 | Udant Martand | Jugal Kishore Shukla | 1st Hindi weekly Kolkata |
1838 | Bombay Times | Times of India 1861 | |
1839 | Sambad Prabhakar | Ishwar Chandra Gupta | 1st Bengali Daily |
1843 | Tattwabodhini Patrika | Debendranath Tagore Vidyasagar Akshay Kumar Datta | journal of the Tattwabodhini Sabha Kolkata |
News Papers, Journals b/w 1850 to 1874
Year | Newspaper Name | Writer / Editor | Remakes |
---|---|---|---|
1851 | Rast Goftar | Dadabhai Naoroji | Bombay English & Gujarati daily newspaper |
1852 | Vichar Lahiri | Krushnashastri Chiplunkar | |
1853 | Hindoo Patriot | Girish Chandra Ghosh Harish Chandra Mukerji | English weekly Mouthpiece for indigo planters |
1855 | Dinavartamani | Tamil-Telugu weekly, Madras | |
Bidhobabivah | Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar | Book on widow’s right to remarry | |
1858 | Somprakash | Editor – Dwarakanath Vidyabhusan | original plan was suggested by Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar |
1860 | Neel Darpan | Dinabandhu Mitra translated by Michael Madhusudan Dutta published by Reverend James Long | Play on Indigo Revolt |
1862 | Indian Mirror | Devendra Nath Tagore Manmohan Ghosh | |
The Bengalee | Girish Chandra Ghosh Surendranath Banerjee | ||
1863 | Gram Barta Prokashika | Kangal Harinath Majumder | newspaper, Kolkata |
1864 | Native Opinion | V.N. Mandalik | |
1865 | Durgeshnandini | Bankim Chandra | 1st Benagali Novel |
The Pioneer | George Allen | Allahabad | |
1867 | National Paper | Nabagopal Mitra Debendranath Tagore | English weekly |
Poverty and Un-British Rule in India | Dadabhai Naoroji | Book ‘drain of wealth’ theory | |
Kavivachan Sudha | Bhartendu Harishchandra | ||
1868 | Amrita Bazar Patrika | Sisir Kumar Ghosh Motilal Ghosh | Jessore district, Bangladesh moved to Calcutta and became bilingual weekly in 1871. Lenin described ABP as the best nationalist paper in India. |
Madras Mail | 1st evening paper in India | ||
1870 | Bharat Sramajivi | Sasipada Banerji | 1st Indian journal of the working class |
Sulabh Samachar | Umanath Gupta | Weekly newspaper by Indian Reform Association | |
1871 | Bahubivah | Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar | Book on banning of polygamy |
Tahzib-ul-Akhlaq | Sir Syed Ahmed Khan | ||
Indian Musalmans | William Wilson Hunter | Book British policy ‘Divide and Rule’ | |
1873 | Gulamgiri | Jyotirao Phule | Book |
Bangadarshana | Bankim Chandra Chatterjee |
News Papers, Journals b/w 1875 to 1899
Year | Newspaper Name | Writer / Editor | Remakes |
---|---|---|---|
1875 | The Statesman | Rebert Knight | |
Satyarth Prakash | Swami Dayananda Saraswati | book | |
1878 | The Hindu | G. Subramania Iyer Suresh Nambath (Editor) | Chennai |
1880 | Dainik Basumati | Upendranath Mukhopadhyay | |
1881 | Gaukarunanidhi | Dayanand Sawasati | Pamphlet, cow protection |
Kesari | B.G. Tilak Gopal Ganesh Agarkar V K Chiplunkar | Marathi Newspaper | |
Mahratta | B.G. Tilak Gopal Ganesh Agarkar V K Chiplunkar | English Newspaper | |
The Tribune | Dyal Singh Majithia | Lahore | |
1882 | Ananda Math | Bankim chandra Chatterji | Book Inspired by Sannyasi Rebellion “Vande Mataram” song is a part |
Swadeshamitram | G. Subramania Iyer | Tamil newspaper | |
1883 | Sanjibani journal | Krishna Kumar Mitra | Mouthpiece of Sadharan Brahmo Samaj. 1st announce the partition of Bengal on 6th July 1905. 13 July 1905 ‘Boycott‘ was first declared on it. |
Voice of India | Dadabhai Naoroji | Bombay | |
Deepika | Nidhiry Mani Kathanar | Malayalam newspaper | |
1888 | Sudharak | G.K. Gokhale | Newspaper |
Plain Tales from the Hills | Rudyard Kipling | Book, Calcutta | |
1890 | Malayala Manorama | Kandathil Varghese Mappillai | Malayalam newspaper |
1893 | New Lamps for Old | Aurobindo Ghosh | published in the Indu Prakash journal |
1895 | Parivrajak | Swami Vivekananda | Book |
1896 | Mahayatra | Radhanath Ray | Book, Orissa |
Prabuddha Bharata | Swami Vivekananda | English monthly journal | |
1899 | Udbodhan | Swami Vivekananda Editor – Trigunatitananda | Bengali publication of Ramakrishna Math |
Bartaman Bharat | Swami Vivekananda | Essay Published in Udbodhan | |
Udbodhana | Swami Vivekananda | Magazine | |
The Sunset of the Century | Rabindranath Tagore |
News Papers, Journals b/w 1900 to 1915
Year | Newspaper Name | Writer / Editor | Remakes |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | O Heraldo | António Messias Gomes | Goa 1st daily Portuguese newspaper |
1901 | The economic history of India | Romesh Chandra Dutt | Book |
1903 | Indian Opinion | M. K Gandhi | Natal province, South Africa |
1905 | Bande Mataram | Aurobindo Ghosh | |
The Indian Socialist | Shyamji Krishnaverma | Started in London, from 1907 in Paris | |
1906 | Sandhya | B.B. Upadhyaya | |
Yugantar | Barinda Ghose | ||
Kal | Maharastra | ||
Bharat Mata | Ajit Singh | Journal Anjumann-i-Mohabtteien | |
1909 | Bande Mataram (Paris) | Madam Kama | Paris |
Indian War of Independence | V D Savarkar | Marathi language book. nationalist history of the 1857 revolt | |
The Leader | Madan Mohan Malviya | Allahabad Most influencer | |
Hind Swaraj | M. K Gandhi | Book in Gujarati language. Traveling from London to South Africa. Ship -SS Kildonan Castle His views on Swaraj | |
1910 | Bombay Chronicle | Firoze Shah Mehta | |
Talwar | Birendra Nath Chattopadhyaya | Barlin | |
1911 | Comrade | Maulana Mohammad Ali | |
The Hitavada | Gopal Krishna Gokhale | Nagpur | |
Kerala Kaumudi | C. V. Kunhiraman | Thiruvananthapuram | |
1912 | Al-Balagh | Abul Kalam Azad | Urdu weekly newspaper |
Al-Hilal | Abul Kalam Azad | Urdu weekly | |
1913 | Pratap | Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi | Hindi newspaper |
Hindustan Ghadar | Yugantar Ashram (Ghadar Party) | San Francisco | |
1914 | New India | Annie Besant | |
1915 | Commonweal | Annie Besant |
News Papers, Journals b/w 1916 to 1930
Year | Newspaper Name | Writer / Editor | Remakes |
---|---|---|---|
1919 | Independent | Motilal Nehru | |
Young India | M. K Gandhi | ||
Tarun Bharat | Baburao Thakur | Belgaum, Marathi newspaper | |
The Samaja | Gopabandhu Das | Cuttack, Odia newspaper | |
1920 | Mook Nayak | B.R. Ambedkar | Marathi weekly |
Free Press of India | Swaminathan Sadanand | 1st National news agency | |
1921 | Saurashtra weekly (Phulchhab) | Zaverchand Meghani | Gujarati newspaper |
1922 | Indian Socialist | S A Dange | 1st communist Journal |
Vanguard | M N Roy | Communist Journal | |
Bandi Jivan | Sachindranath Sanyal | ||
Anandabazar Patrika | Suresh Majumdar Prafulla Sarkar | Bengali daily | |
1923 | Nava Kaal | Prabhakar Khadilkar | Marathi daily |
Mathrubhumi | K. P. Kesava Menon | Malayalam newspaper | |
1924 | Hindustan Times | Sunder Singh Lyallpuri K.M. Pannikar | |
1925 | Kudi Arasu | Periyar E. V. Ramasamy | Tamil magazine |
A Nation is Making | S. N. Banerjee | Book | |
1926 | Future of Indian Politics | M N Roy | Communist Journal |
The Hindu view of life | Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan | Book | |
1927 | Kranti | Mirakar, Joglekar, Ghate. | Maharashtra |
1928 | Unhappy India | Lala Lajpat Rai | Book |
1929 | Nav Jeevan | M. K Gandhi | |
The Cult of Bomb | M. K Gandhi | Article | |
The Philosophy of Bomb | Bhagwati Charan Vohra | Manifesto Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) |
News Papers, Journals after 1930
Year | Newspaper Name | Writer / Editor | Remakes |
---|---|---|---|
1932 | Harijan | M. K Gandhi | |
1935 | The Indian Struggle | Subhas Chandra Bose | Autobiography |
1936 | Free Hindustan | Tarak Nath Das | |
Hindustan | M.M. Malviya | Hindi newspaper | |
1939 | Life Divine | Aurobindo Ghosh | book |
1941 | Dawn | Mohammad Ali Jinnah | Delhi English Newspaper Mouthpiece for Muslim League |
1942 | Biplabi | Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar | newspaper Tamluk, Purba Medinipur |
1946 | India Divided | Rajendra Prasad | Book |
1947 | Navjivan | Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru | Hindi newspaper, Delhi |
The Nations Voice | C Rajagopalachari Mahadev H Desai | Book | |
Subh-e-Azadi | Faiz Ahmed Faiz | Poem | |
1955 | At the feet of Mahatma Gandhi | Rajendra Prasad | Book |
1956 | The Story of the Integration of the Indian States | V. P. Menon | Book |
1957 | The Transfer of Power in India | V. P. Menon | Book |
1958 | A Bunch of Old Letters | Jawaharlal Nehru | Book |
1959 | India Wins Freedom | Abul Kalam Azad | Book |
1961 | The Unity of India | Rajendra Prasad | Book |
1966 | Geography of Puranas | Syed Muzafer Ali | Book |