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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Keeping the recent developments in view, how can the energy crisis of India be circumvented by harnessing non-conventional energy resources?

  • UPSC 2018
  • Resources

The crisis is one of import exposure, not absolute shortage. India imports about 90 per cent of its crude, roughly half its natural gas and about 18 per cent of its coal, with overall primary energy import dependence at 42 per cent in FY25, down from 47 per cent in FY17.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • The shape of the crisis
  • How non-conventional resources circumvent it
  • 1. Substitution of the import-exposed fuel, not of coal
  • 2. Scale already achieved
  • 3. Diversifying beyond solar and wind
  • Why circumvention has not yet occurred

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