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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Write short note : Orthogenetic and heterogenetic factors of social change in India.

  • UPSC 1989
  • Visions of Social Change in India

The pair originates with Robert Redfield and Milton Singer in "The Cultural Role of Cities" (Economic Development and Cultural Change, 1954). They distinguished the orthogenetic city, which carries forward and systematises a society's own moral order — its indigenous great tradition — from the heterogenetic city, where the technical order predominates and contact with strangers,…

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What the full answer covers

  • The two factors defined
  • Indian illustrations
  • How the two interact
  • Usefulness and limits
  • Conclusion

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