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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Write short note: Functional theory of stratification.

  • UPSC 1991, 1988
  • Stratification and Mobility

The functional theory explains social stratification by its contribution to the survival, order and efficiency of society. It grew out of the organic analogy of Émile Durkheim, was framed by Talcott Parsons (1940), and took its best-known form in Kingsley Davis and Wilbert E. Moore's "Some Principles of Stratification" (American Sociological Review, 1945).

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What the full answer covers

  • Core propositions
  • Stratification and major societal functions
  • Main criticisms
  • Relevance to India
  • Conclusion

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