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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Write short essay: Muhammad Tughluq as an agrarian innovator

  • UPSC 2009
  • The Fourteenth Century

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Muhammad bin Tughluq is remembered chiefly for the political misadventures that damaged his reign — the Daulatabad transfer, the token currency, the failed frontier expeditions — but a distinct and less remarked strand of his rule concerned agriculture, where he attempted state-directed agrarian investment on a scale unmatched by any preceding Sultan. This essay separates…

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What the full answer covers

  • The Crisis That Prompted Reform
  • The Diwan-i-Kohi and Institutional Innovation
  • Taccavi Loans (Sondhar)
  • Assessing Innovator Against Executor
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