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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

With suitable examples describe the hazards of flood plain settlement.

  • UPSC 2026
  • Environmental Geography

A flood plain is the flat alluvial surface built by overbank deposition and lateral point-bar accretion, inundated at about the bankfull discharge, whose recurrence interval is roughly 1.5 to 2.33 years - by definition it is land the river reclaims on a human timescale.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Why settlement gravitates to the flood plain
  • The hazards, with examples
  • Inundation and loss of life
  • Bank erosion and channel shifting
  • Sand casting and drainage failure
  • Ground failure
  • …and 2 more sections, with a conclusion

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