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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Why is there a growing divergence in fertility trends between the Global North and South, despite globalization and cultural diffusion?

  • 15 marks
  • Population Geography

Fertility is converging in direction but diverging in level. Global TFR has fallen to 2.25 (UN WPP 2024) and 131 countries, 55 per cent of the total, are already below replacement, yet over one in ten — almost all in sub-Saharan Africa — still record four or more births per woman. The paradox dissolves once…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • The Shape of the Divergence
  • Why Cultural Diffusion Does Not Deliver Convergence
  • The Changing Economics of Children
  • Institutions of Old-Age Security
  • Structural Blockers in the South
  • Drivers in the North That Diffusion Cannot Reach
  • …and 3 more sections, with a conclusion

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