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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Why do disparities in development and incomes between regions persist in large countries like India ? How does the recent ADP plan address the issue ?

  • UPSC 2022
  • Regional Development and Planning

India's leading-to-lagging gap has widened rather than closed across six decades of planning, under both dirigisme and liberalisation — so persistence is not a list of causes but a self-reinforcing mechanism in which the forces creating advantage reproduce it.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Why the Disparity Persists
  • Increasing Returns Make Location Self-Reinforcing
  • Endowment Amplified by Inherited Infrastructure
  • Selective Migration Drains the Periphery
  • Institutional Capacity
  • The Political Economy of Transfers
  • …and 3 more sections, with a conclusion

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