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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

What is ‘reserve army of labour’? Present the position of feminist scholars on this.

  • UPSC 2019
  • Works and Economic Life

Karl Marx (Capital, Vol. I, 1867) described the industrial reserve army, or relative surplus population, as a pool of unemployed and under-employed workers that capital accumulation itself produces. It supplies labour in booms, absorbs layoffs in slumps, and through competition disciplines wages.

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  • The concept
  • Feminist positions
  • Indian relevance
  • Conclusion

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