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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

What is happening to religion in the face of challenges of science in modern societies? Elaborate your answer with the help of sociological literature.

  • UPSC 1992
  • Religion and Society

Science challenges religion on three fronts: it explains what religion once explained, it controls nature through technology, and it spreads a rational, sceptical habit of mind. The founders expected religion to fade under this pressure. The literature since shows religion responding in at least five ways.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • 1. Decline: the secularisation thesis
  • 2. Privatisation and individualisation
  • 3. Adaptation and reinterpretation
  • 4. Resistance: fundamentalist reaction
  • 5. Revival and use of science
  • Assessment
  • …and 1 more sections, with a conclusion

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