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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

What is a social movement? Discuss with examples the part played by social movements in bringing about social change in India.

  • UPSC 1980
  • Social Movements in Modern India

A social movement is sustained collective mobilisation, through formal or informal organisation and guided by an ideology, directed at promoting or resisting change — the definition M. S. A. Rao develops in Social Movements and Social Transformation (1979). Social change is continuous and largely unintended; a movement is change deliberately pursued.

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What the full answer covers

  • What distinguishes a movement
  • The part played in India
  • Limits
  • Conclusion

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