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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

What are the approaches of human development? Describe in detail the measures for computing human development index.

  • UPSC 2026
  • Regional Planning

Mahbub ul Haq, working with Amartya Kumar Sen, reframed development in 1990 as the enlargement of people's choices rather than the growth of output. Four approaches mark the route to that position.

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What the full answer covers

  • Approaches to Human Development
  • Income approach
  • Welfare approach
  • Basic needs approach
  • Capability approach
  • Computing the Human Development Index
  • …and 5 more sections, with a conclusion

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