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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss with reference to the USA, how domestic factors influence the foreign policy of the country.

  • UPSC 1991
  • Contemporary Global Concerns

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Structural realists such as Kenneth N. Waltz treat the state as a unitary actor whose external conduct follows from its place in the system. The United States is the strongest case against that simplification. Its open, federal, pluralist polity lets institutions, interests, opinion and elections reach directly into foreign policy. Robert D. Putnam's two-level game…

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What the full answer covers

  • Constitutional structure: an "invitation to struggle"
  • Bureaucratic politics
  • Interest groups and lobbies
  • Public opinion, elections and media
  • Ideology and national style
  • Limits
  • …and 1 more sections, with a conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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