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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

“Two important intellectual criteria which informed the reform movements were rationalism and religious universalism.” Critically examine.

  • UPSC 2019
  • Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas

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The nineteenth-century reform movements drew their intellectual energy less from wholesale imitation of the West than from two interlocking principles — reasoned enquiry and the conviction that truth transcends any single creed.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the History Optional PYQ Master Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Rationalism as a Tool of Social and Religious Critique
  • Religious Universalism as a Complementary Criterion
  • Rationalism and Universalism Reinforced a Secular Turn
  • Limits of the Framework
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