History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer
Trade and commerce in the Mughal Empire brought about the integration of the Indian subcontinent into a single market. Comment.
- UPSC 2022
- Economy and Society in the 16th and 17th Centuries
Under a single imperial political authority spanning most of the subcontinent, Mughal India developed the infrastructure, currency, and merchant networks of what looks, at first glance, like a genuinely unified market — though how far that integration actually ran needs careful qualification.
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What the full answer covers
- Expansion of Internal Trade Networks
- Flourishing External Commerce
- Standardisation as an Integrating Mechanism
- Infrastructural Investment Supporting Integration
- The Limits of "A Single Market"
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