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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Trace the course and comment on the character of caste movements in south India in the 20th century. How far were their object achieved?

  • UPSC 1995
  • Rise of Gandhi and the Gandhian Era

South India's caste movements grew out of the region's peculiar social arithmetic — a small Brahmin minority holding disproportionate control over land, education and government service against a numerically dominant "non-Brahmin" population spanning intermediate and lower castes.

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What the full answer covers

  • Kerala: The SNDP and the Temple-Entry Movements
  • Tamil Nadu: The Justice Party and Political Non-Brahminism
  • The Self-Respect Movement and Periyar's Radicalisation
  • Character of the Movements
  • How Far Were Their Objects Achieved?

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