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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Trace the changing nature of organisation of work in capitalist society over the years.

  • UPSC 2017
  • Works and Economic Life

Capitalism buys labour power, a capacity to work, not a fixed quantity of effort. Every employer therefore faces the indeterminacy of labour: how to turn purchased capacity into actual output. The history of capitalist work organisation is a sequence of answers to this problem, each shaped by technology, markets and workers' resistance.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • 1. Putting-out and manufacture (16th–18th centuries)
  • 2. The factory system (Industrial Revolution)
  • 3. Scientific management and Fordism (1910s–1970s)
  • 4. The human relations correction (1930s onward)
  • 5. Post-Fordism and flexibility (1970s–1990s)
  • 6. Knowledge, networks and platforms (1990s–present)
  • …and 2 more sections, with a conclusion

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