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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

“The relationship between the winds and the currents is best seen in the Indian Ocean.” Justify.

  • UPSC 2016
  • Oceanography

Surface currents are set in motion by the frictional drag of wind on the sea surface; Vagn Walfrid Ekman (1905) showed that the Earth's rotation turns the net wind-driven transport 90° to the wind — to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, to the left in the Southern.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Why the Indian Ocean Is the Natural Laboratory
  • Winds Reverse, Currents Follow
  • North-east monsoon (winter, about December–February)
  • South-west monsoon (summer, about June–September)
  • Between the monsoons — the Wyrtki jets
  • Upwelling: Ekman Theory at Work
  • …and 2 more sections, with a conclusion

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