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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

The philosophers and thinkers may have laid the foundation of the French Revolution, but it was precipitated by social and economic reasons. Explain.

  • UPSC 2023
  • Origins of Modern Politics

The statement separates two distinct roles in the making of 1789: the Enlightenment as the intellectual foundation that made revolutionary thought conceivable, and the social and economic crisis that actually forced events to a head.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Philosophers as Foundation, Not Trigger
  • Social Causes: A Society Built on Inequality
  • Economic Causes: The Trigger
  • How Foundation and Trigger Combined

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