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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

“The major causes of revolts against the Mughal Empire during the latter half of the 17th century were economic, rather than religious.” Discuss.

  • UPSC 2009
  • Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century

The late seventeenth century saw a wave of peasant-zamindar revolts — Jat, Satnami, Sikh, Maratha, Bundela — that historians have long debated as either products of Aurangzeb's religious orthodoxy or of a deepening agrarian crisis.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the History Optional PYQ Master Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • The Religious-Causation Thesis and Its Limits
  • The Structural Economic Crisis Underlying the Revolts
  • Reading the Individual Revolts
  • The Jat Rebellion (1669)
  • The Satnami Rebellion (1672)
  • The Sikh Movement
  • …and 3 more sections, with a conclusion

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