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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

“The latitudinal gradient in species richness is an important geographic trend in biodiversity.” Examine the statement.

  • UPSC 2024
  • Environmental Geography

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is the rise in species richness from the poles to the Equator, described by Johann Reinhold Forster (1778) and popularised by Alexander von Humboldt.

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What the full answer covers

  • How General Is the Trend?
  • Explanations Tested
  • Ecological
  • Historical and evolutionary
  • Where the Trend Fails
  • Why It Matters

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