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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

‘The Heavenly Land system was significant in that it greatly expanded the idea of equalizing rich and poor and landowing which the peasant wars had put forward in the past.’ Comment.

  • UPSC 1991
  • Enlightenment and Modern Ideas

The German Peasants' War (1524–25) was not the first peasant uprising against feudal land relations in the Holy Roman Empire, but its radical wing pushed earlier, localised demands for reduced dues into a far more sweeping programme of land and wealth equalisation.

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What the full answer covers

  • Antecedents: The Localized Peasant Revolts before 1525
  • The Twelve Articles: A Moderate Peasant Programme
  • Müntzer and the 'Heavenly' Radicalisation of the Land Question
  • Significance and Limits

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