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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

The economy of India was not stagnant in the eighteenth century. Discuss.

  • UPSC 2023
  • The Eighteenth Century

The political collapse of the Mughal Empire in the eighteenth century long shaped the assumption that its economy collapsed with it — a reading now substantially revised.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Historiographical Turn
  • Agricultural Dynamism
  • Commercial Vitality and Urban Centres
  • Industrial and Craft Production
  • Financial Sophistication
  • Regional States as Agents of Economic Reorganization
  • …and 1 more sections, with a conclusion

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