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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

The Diarchy provided by the Montford reforms “certainly created suspicion without and frictions within.” Comment.

  • UPSC 1995
  • Constitutional Developments in Colonial India, 1858-1935

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Dyarchy, the centrepiece of the Government of India Act, 1919, failed on two distinct fronts simultaneously — it never won the trust of Indian political opinion outside the constitutional structure, and it collapsed from internal administrative dysfunction within it.

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What the full answer covers

  • Suspicion Without: The Nationalist Backdrop
  • Frictions Within: The Administrative Dysfunction
  • The Compounding External Shocks
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