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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

“The colonial rule opened the Indian markets for British-manufactured goods and led to ‘deindustrialization’ or destruction of indigenous handicraft industries.”

  • UPSC 2025
  • Economic Impact of British Colonial Rule

At the start of British rule, Indian handicrafts supplied roughly a quarter of all manufactured goods produced anywhere in the world; by the twentieth century, this position had been reversed.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the History Optional PYQ Master Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • From Exporter to Importer — The Reversal of Trade Character
  • Machine Competition and Unequal Trade Policy
  • Instruments of Political and Economic Strangulation
  • Demand-Side and Political Reinforcements of Decline
  • The Revisionist Challenge
  • Reconciling the Debate

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