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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

The Chipko became famous as the first major environmental movement in post-colonial India and gave rise to the understanding that environmental issues are often women’s issues because they suffer most from its deterioration. Explain.

  • UPSC 2012
  • Economic Development and Political Change

The Chipko movement of the 1970s in the hills of Uttarakhand (then part of Uttar Pradesh) is treated as the founding moment of post-colonial Indian environmentalism and as the clearest early demonstration that ecological degradation is, in practice, a gendered burden.

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What the full answer covers

  • Origins and Immediate Trigger
  • Why Chipko Is Regarded as the First Major Post-Colonial Environmental Movement
  • Why Environmental Deterioration Fell Disproportionately on Women

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