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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Compare and contrast social movements in advanced industrial and developing societies.

  • UPSC 2013
  • 20 marks
  • Politics of Representation and Participation

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Ronald Inglehart's modernisation thesis links values to development: once survival is secure, citizens shift from material to post-material concerns. That shift explains why movements in rich and poor societies share a form but differ in substance. Ramachandra Guha's contrast between the "full-stomach" environmentalism of the North and the "empty-belly" environmentalism of the South, developed with…

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What the full answer covers

  • What they share
  • Where they differ
  • Explaining the contrast
  • Convergence
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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