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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Critically comment on the shifts in the functioning of the Indian Parliament in the last two decades.

  • UPSC 2026
  • 15 marks
  • Principal Organs of Government

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Over two decades Parliament's functioning has tracked the party system more than its rules. Coalition government (2004–14) gave way to what Suhas Palshikar calls a second dominant party system (2014–24), and then to a coalition-dependent BJP majority after 2024. Each phase altered how much Parliament deliberates, scrutinises and restrains.

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What the full answer covers

  • Three phases
  • The critical shifts
  • Counter-currents
  • Evaluation
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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