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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

‘Rabindranath Tagore’s nationalism was based on a Catholic internationalism.’ Comment.

  • UPSC 2003
  • Early Indian Nationalism

Rabindranath Tagore's patriotism refused the Western template of the exclusive nation-state, resting instead on a "catholic" — that is, universal and all-embracing — internationalism rooted in India's civilisational openness rather than in aggressive nation-worship.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Critique of Nationalism as Political Idolatry
  • Withdrawal from Political Swadeshi
  • The Universalist Core: Visva-Bharati and Vishwa Manav
  • Patriotism Without Chauvinism

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