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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Objectivity and Value Neutrality in Social Research.

  • UPSC 2004
  • Sociology as a Science

Max Weber's foundational distinction — values legitimately choose what a researcher studies (value-relevance) but must not determine what she concludes (value-freedom) — sets the philosophical baseline, but the more decisive question for a working researcher is practical: what concrete techniques and institutional arrangements actually keep values from contaminating conclusions.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Separating the Context of Discovery from the Context of Justification
  • Methodological Transparency and Replicability
  • Triangulation Across Data, Method, and Investigator
  • Reflexivity: Disclosing the Researcher's Own Position
  • Peer Review as an Intersubjective Check

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