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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

India has adopted multi-alignment to fulfill its core values and interests in International relations. Discuss.

  • UPSC 2026
  • 15 marks
  • India and the Non-Aligned Movement

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Multi-alignment is the simultaneous cultivation of partnerships with rival powers, each limited to particular issues and none carrying an alliance obligation. Ian Hall ("Multialignment and Indian Foreign Policy under Narendra Modi", 2016) traces it to the mid-2000s; S. Jaishankar gave it its official grammar of "convergences and issue-based arrangements" (2019). It serves India's interests well,…

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What the full answer covers

  • The values and interests at stake
  • How multi-alignment serves them
  • The limits
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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